Teaching Aims:
1. Review the text to finish some exercises about poems.
2. Learn and master the Past Participle used as Adverbial.
3. Do some exercises to learn the sentence transformation.
Teaching Important Points:
1. How to get the students to master the usage of the Past Participle.
2. How to do sentence transformation.
Teaching Difficult Point:
The sentence transformation between a clause and a past participle phrase.
Teaching Methods:
1. Pair work or group work to make every student active in class.
2. Discussion method to get the students to make clear what they've learned.
3. Showing and explanation methods to have the students get a clear concept about what they learn.
Teaching Aids.
1. a computer
2. a projector
Teaching Procedures:
Step I Greetings and Revision
Greet the whole class as usual.
T: In this class, I'll check your homework first. In the last period, I told you to make a timeline that shows the centuries when the poets were living and their names, including all the English poets in the text and some of the Chinese poets you know. Have you finished it? (Ss: Yes.)Now I'll show the answers on the screen. Check them, please.
English poets:
Shakespeare(1564～1616)
Donne(1572～ 1631)
John Milton(1608～ 1674)
Marvell(1621 ～1678)
Pope(1688～ 1744)
Johnson(1709~1784)
Wordsworth(1770～ 1850)
Byron(1788～ 1824)
Shelly( 1792～ 1822)
Keats(1795～ 1821)
Auden(1907～1973)
Chinese poets: Li Bai(701 ～762)
Wang Wei(701～761)
Du Fu(712～ 70)
Bai Juyi(772～846)
Guo Moruo(1892～1978)
Step II Word Study
T: Please turn to Page 29. Look at Word Study, Part 1. Fill in the blanks with words in the text. Have a discussion with your partner and then we'll check the answers.
Suggested answers:
1. poem 2. rhyme 3. author 4. stories
5. poets 6. translated (put)
T: As we know, if words or lines of poetry end with the same sound, including
a vowel, we can say they rhyme. Who can give us some words that rhyme?
SA: I'll try. “horse”and“mouse”, “school”and“fool”. They all rhyme.
T：That's right. (Show the screen.) Now look at the screen. There are two groups of words on the screen. Please read them and match the words that rhyme.
Match the words:
A: 1. curious 2. image 3.glory
4. absence 5. romantic 6. atmosphere
7. special 8. embrace
B: a. audience b. public c. serious
d. message e. fear f. social
g. base h. story
T: (A few minutes later.) Have you finished?
Ss: Yes.
T: who will give us the answers?
SB: They are: l. c;2 d;3 h;4 a;5 b;6 e;7f;8 g. Am I right?
T: Sc, do you agree with him?
So: Yes, he is right.
Step III Grammar
(Teacher shows the two sentences on the screen.)
The Past Participle used as Adverbial:
1. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at
the end of each line.
2. No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
T: Look at the two sentences on the screen. Who can tell us their Chinese meanings?
SD The first sentence means:一經(jīng)出版，他的作品就因不押韻而著名。
The second means: 即使翻譯得再好，一經(jīng)翻譯，原作的一些精華就沒(méi)有了。
T: Can you think of another way to express these ideas?
SE : I'll try. The first sentence can be expressed as: Once it (= his work) was published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. The second: No matter how well it (= the original work) is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
T: Quite right. From the sentences we've discussed, we know that if the past participle is used as adverbial, we can change them into the adverbial clauses, which has the same meaning. Are you clear about that?
Ss: Yes.
T: Now turn to Page 30. Please look at Ex．1．Complete each sentence by using the past participle of the right verb．Before doing that，who will tell the meanings of the words in the box?
SF：I'll try. “build”means“建設(shè)”。“frighten”means“使驚恐”；“bite”means “咬”；“follow”means“跟隨”；“shoot” means“開(kāi)槍”；“see”means“看見(jiàn)”；
“give”means“給”，“examine”means “檢查”and“suppose”means“認(rèn)為”．
T：Very well．Now have a discussion in pairs and give us their proper forms．
While doing this，talk about the meaning o{each sentence．OK?
(Students have a discussion and teacher goes among the class and answers the questions the students ask．)
Suggested answers：
1．Frightened
2．Given
3．followed
4．examined
5. Built
6．seen
7．bitten
8．shot
9. supposed
Step Ⅳ Practice
(Teacher SHOWS the sentences on the screen．)
1.The castle, burned down in 1943，was never built．
2．If left alone on a deserted island，what would you do to survive?
T：Look at t山two sentences on the screen．Each of the sentences has a past participle．Have a discussion about them and decide their functions．
(After a few minutes’ discussion．)
Sa：In the first sentence the past participle phrase“burned down in 1943”is used as attribute．modifying the noun “castle”．The meaning f the whole sentence is：1943年被夷為平地的那座城堡．再也沒(méi)有重建。
Sb：In the second sentence。“1eft alone on a deserted island”is used as adverbial，
expressing condition．
T：What is the meaning of it?
Sb：如果你流落到一個(gè)荒涼的島上，為了生存下去。你會(huì)怎么辦呢?
T：Good．Now，look at the sentences on the screen and the function of each past participle phrase．You can do it in pairs or groups．
Tell the function of the Past Participle in the following sentences：
1.The room，connected to the rest of the house by a long passage，was completely empty．
2．Connected to the rest of the house by a long passage，the room seems very quiet。
3．Folded in his pocket，the letter wasn't found until twenty years later．
4. He was walking around with the letter folded in his pocket.
(A few minutes later．)
T：Are you prepared? (Ss：Yes。) Please tell us the function of each past participle and the meaning of each sentence．
Sc：In the first sentence，it is used as attribute．The meaning of the sentence is：這個(gè)由一條長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的走廊和房子里的其他地方相連的屋子里面空無(wú)一物。
Sd：In the second sentence, the past participle phrase is used as adverbial．
expressing the cause．The sentence means：因?yàn)檫@個(gè)屋子是由一條長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的走廊和別的地方相連接的，所以它很安靜。
Suggested answers：
3．Adverbial．因?yàn)檫@封信是折疊起來(lái)放在他的口袋里的．所以直到二十年后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。4．Attribute．他到處轉(zhuǎn)悠口袋里裝著一封折疊起來(lái)的信。
Step V Consolidation
T: Look at the example on Page 30. Here are two sentences. They both have the same meaning, but their adverbials are expressed in the different ways. Study the example and then rewrite the sentences on Page 31, using a clause to substitute the past participle phrase.
Suggested answers:
1. When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.
2. As he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
3. If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
4. Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among
Chinese teenagers.
5. As she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
6. Though she was left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.
Step VI Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we've talked about rhyme and the use of the past participle. The past participle of the verb can be used as adverbial and attribute, such as, “One…”;“The castle …”. We also know that the past participle can be expressed with a clause, such as“United…”(Teacher writes the sentences on the blackboard. ) Today's homework: Join each pair of sentences to form one sentence, using the past participle. That's all for today. Class is over.
Join the two sentences in each group.
1. Mary was shocked at what Jack had said.
She didn't know what to say at first.
2. The mirror was broken.
The mirror was lying on the ground.
3. l went into the dark room. 1 was followed by my best friend.
4: The park is the most beautiful place in the city.
It was destroyed by the storm last Sunday.
5. The dog barked at us.
The dog was tied to a pole by the door.
6. They were sad to see a sea of flowers.
The flowers were covered by the heavy snow.
7. The scientist is well known for his knowledge.
The scientist is able to help the workers to get out of their difficulty.
8. The coins were collected by my cousin.
The coins were made in Tang Dynasty.
Step VII The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 4 A garden of poems The Third Period
Grammar: The Past Participle used as Adverbial1.
1. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the
end of each line.
No matter how well translated, something of the spirit of the original work
is lost.
2. The castle, burned down in 1943, was never built.
If left alone on a deserted island, what would you do to survive?
3. United, we stand ；divided, we fall.
If we are united, we will fall；if we are divided, we will fall.
Step VIII Record after Teaching
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