作者：謝宗春
川劇中的"變臉"變化多端，精彩絕倫，令人嘆為觀止！There be句型是我們剛認(rèn)識(shí)不久的好朋友，看看它是怎樣"變臉"的吧。
1. 變臉一：否定句
There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如：
There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.
2. 變臉二：一般疑問句
There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號(hào)即可，此為"調(diào)整法"。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。看看下面兩句是如何"改頭換面"的吧：
There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?
3. 變臉三：特殊疑問句
There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：
① 對(duì)主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，用"Who's+介詞短語?"；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，用"What's + 介詞短語?"。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如：
There are many things over there. →What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
② 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語提問：提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用"Where is / are+主語?"啦！例如：
There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?
③ 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？
How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語？